Canine aging trial registry

37 interventional studies and cohorts on aging in dogs (28 completed, 9 ongoing): lifespan and healthspan trials, cognitive-aging and mobility trials in senior dogs, immunosenescence and organ-decline interventions, lifetime cohorts and company regulatory programs. Each record is typed and every field is backed by a verbatim quote from its source; veterinary trials have no ClinicalTrials.gov, so this is the only such registry.

Randomized controlled trials

Study	Intervention	Dogs	Status	Years	Result (as reported)
Ashwagandha root extract on gut parameters in healthy geriatric research Beagles	Withania somnifera/Ashwagandha root extract (ARE; KSM-66) capsules	12	completed		Erythrocyte counts and haemoglobin were significantly increased with ARE; serum ALT and AST significantly decreased at day 60 compared with placebo; L-citrulline was significantly modulated while I-ALP, lactate and CPS w
Diet enriched with antioxidants, mitochondrial cofactors and omega-3 fatty acids on telomere length and joint mobility in young and old shepherd dogs	Diet enriched with antioxidants, mitochondrial cofactors and omega-3 fatty acids	74	completed		A positive influence of the enriched diet on old dogs could be verified for minimum telomere length and all three parameters of the shoulder joint on the side with the higher vertical ground reaction force after 6 months
EF-M2 (Immutalon) macrophage glyco-modulation for activity and vitality in aging companion dogs (GERI-VITAL-DOG)	Subcutaneous EF-M2 (Immutalon), a GcMAF-derived protein for macrophage-targeted glyco-modulation	60	completed		EF-M2 was superior to placebo on both co-primary endpoints: +23.05 min/day at week 1 (95% CI, 18.16-27.94; p < 0.001) and +2.01 z-units at day 28 (95% CI, 1.52-2.50; p < 0.001). Key secondaries favored EF-M2, including g
Fortetropin in geriatric and senior dogs with reduced mobility	Fortetropin, a nonthermal-pasteurized, freeze-dried, fertilized egg yolk product		completed		Mild, but statistically significant, improvement of the mobility scores for the treatment group at both week 6 (P = 0.03) and week 12 (P = 0.006) compared to the baseline score. No statistical improvement was noted at an
Lifetime 25% diet restriction paired-feeding study in 48 Labrador Retrievers	25% diet restriction (each restricted dog fed 75% of the food consumed by its control-fed pair mate; same diet, only the quantity differed)	48	completed		Median life span was significantly longer for dogs in which food was restricted (1.8 years longer median lifespan among diet-restricted dogs), and the onset of clinical signs of chronic disease generally was delayed, esp
Medium-chain triglyceride, fish oil and L-carnitine enriched foods against age-associated serum fatty acid and carnitine changes in healthy Beagles	Foods enriched with medium-chain triglycerides (MCT), fish oil and L-carnitine (two treatment foods)	41	completed		Serum concentrations of carnitine metabolites were decreased in geriatric (>7 years) vs. mature adult (<= 7 years) dogs, and supplementation with L-carnitine attenuated the effects of aging; serum eicosapentaenoic and do
Panax Ginseng with brewers' yeast (Gerivet) as a stimulant for geriatric dogs	Ginseng (Panax Ginseng) together with brewers' yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisae)	80	completed		Panax Ginseng plus yeast significantly improved all evaluated variables within the group. Four of the seven primary (mentally) outcome measures were significant when comparing the changes in the Ginseng group with the co
Prior experience, antioxidants and mitochondrial cofactors in aged beagles (landmark discrimination)	Food providing higher levels of vitamin E (antioxidants and mitochondrial cofactors)		completed		providing higher levels of vitamin E in food resulted in higher serum vitamin E concentrations and improved performance on landmark-discrimination tasks in aged dogs. Factors other than vitamin E also contributed to the
Renal protective foods with functional food bioactives against age-associated decline in renal function (Hill's geriatric Beagle colony)	Control renal protective food supplemented with increasing amounts of functional food bioactives (fish oil, lipoic acid, fruits and vegetables, higher quality protein sources): functional foods FF1 and FF2	111	completed		Geriatric dogs consuming all three foods increased (P<0.001) GFR over time; group averages ranged from 13.0-16.9%. Dogs fed the highest supplemented level of bioactives (FF2) had lower (P<0.001) SDMA concentrations (-14.
S-adenosylmethionine (Novifit) for age-related mental decline in dogs: double-blinded placebo-controlled trial	Oral S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) tosylate tablets (Novifit tablets, Virbac)	36	completed		Compared with the placebo group, SAMe-treated dogs showed greater improvement in activity (41.7% versus 2.6% after 4 weeks, P<.0003; 57.1% versus 9.0% after 8 weeks, P<.003) and awareness (33.3% versus 17.9% after 4 week
Short-term (10-week) rapamycin randomized controlled trial in 24 middle-aged companion dogs	Rapamycin at a non-immunosuppressive dose	24	completed		No clinical side effects in the rapamycin-treated group compared to dogs receiving the placebo. Echocardiography suggested improvement in both diastolic and systolic age-related measures of heart function (E/A ratio, fra
Six-month low-dose rapamycin masked placebo-controlled randomized trial in 17 healthy client-owned dogs (Texas A&M)	Low-dose rapamycin	17	completed		There were no statistically significant differences in echocardiographic parameters between rapamycin and placebo groups at 6 or 12 months. No clinically significant adverse events occurred. In 26.8% of the bi-weekly sur
Test food designed to promote healthy aging vs owner's-choice foods on serum SDMA and creatinine in client-owned geriatric dogs	Test food (renal protective food) containing functional lipids (fish oil), antioxidants (lipoic acid, vitamins C and E), L-carnitine, botanicals (fruits and vegetables), controlled sodium concentration and high quality protein sources	210	completed		Only dogs consuming test food showed significant decreases in serum SDMA and Cr concentrations (both P <= 0.05) across time. Among 18 dogs with increased SDMA but normal Cr (consistent with IRIS Stage 1 CKD), the decreas
Vaccination Against Canine Cancer Study (VACCS)	Cancer preventative vaccine targeting frameshift neoantigens conserved across multiple species and tumor histologies		ongoing
Test of Rapamycin in Aging Dogs (TRIAD)	Rapamycin (weekly low-dose)		ongoing	2021
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root extract on aging-related changes in healthy geriatric client-owned dogs	Withania somnifera/ashwagandha root extract (ARE)	20	completed	2022–2022	Erythrocyte count and haemoglobin were significantly increased with ARE (p < 0.001) and leukocyte count decreased (p < 0.05); liver function markers (ALT, AST, albumin, globulin; p < 0.001 at day 60) and kidney function
LY-D6/2 senolytic and NAD+ precursor combination in senior companion dogs with mild to moderate cognitive impairment	LY-D6/2, a proprietary combination of a senolytic (LY-D6) and an NAD+ precursor (LY-D2), given at low or full dose	70	completed	2022	There was a significant difference in CCDR score across treatment groups from baseline to the primary endpoint (p = 0.02) with the largest decrease in the full dose group. No difference was detected between groups using
Cow placenta extract (CPE) on cognitive function and oxidative stress in aged client-owned dogs	Cow placenta extract (CPE) oral capsules	88	completed	2023–2024	By month 6, mean CSLB was 35.1 +/- 4.9 in the CPE group vs 41.1 +/- 5.3 in the placebo group (P < .05; Cohen's d = -1.17). The successful therapeutic response was 77.8% in the CPE group vs 9.3% in the placebo group (P <

Controlled trials

Study	Intervention	Dogs	Status	Result (as reported)
Antioxidant-fortified diet and behavioral enrichment in aged beagles (longitudinal study)	Antioxidant-fortified food (a broad spectrum of antioxidants and mitochondrial enzymatic cofactors) and a program of behavioral enrichment (increased exercise, environmental enrichment, and a series of learning tasks), alone and combined in a 2 x 2 factorial design	48	completed	At one and two years, the aged combined treatment group showed more accurate learning than the other aged groups. Discrimination learning was significantly improved by behavioral enrichment. Reversal learning was improve
Aβ vaccination combined with behavioral enrichment in aged beagles	Active vaccine against fibrillar Aβ 1-42 (VAC) and behavioral enrichment (ENR), alone and combined	34	completed	VAC decreased brain Aβ, pyroglutamate Aβ, increased cerebrospinal fluid Aβ 42 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor RNA levels but also increased microhemorrhages. ENR reduced brain Aβ and prevented microhemorrhages. The
Dietary astaxanthin and age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction in young and geriatric Beagles	Astaxanthin fed daily	28	completed	Mitochondrial function improved in both young and geriatric dogs by increasing (P<0.05) ATP production, mitochondria mass, and cytochrome c oxidoreductase activity, especially in geriatric dogs compared with young dogs;
Dietary n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio and vitamin E on immune response and T cell subpopulations of healthy geriatric Beagles	Foods with low (1.4:1) or high (40:1) n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratios in combination with three concentrations of all rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate	32	completed	After 12 weeks, dogs consuming low concentrations of alpha-tocopheryl acetate had lower percentages of CD8+ T cells and higher CD4+ to CD8+ ratios than dogs on medium or high concentrations; dogs consuming low n-3 fatty
L-deprenyl 1 mg/kg daily versus placebo survival study in 82 paired beagles	L-deprenyl	82	completed	When survivorship for all dogs in the study was analyzed there was no significant difference between the L-deprenyl and placebo treated groups. In the subset of elderly dogs, dogs in the L-deprenyl group survived longer

Crossover trials

Study	Intervention	Dogs	Status	Years	Result (as reported)
N-acetyl-D-mannosamine (ManNAc) for age-related decline in place learning in dogs	N-acetyl-D-mannosamine (ManNAc), oral capsule	5	completed		ManNAc treatment significantly reduced the number of error trials in the place-learning test, especially in the first month of administration. Three ManNAc-treated dogs also showed improvement in the active-resting cycle
Nutraceutical supplement (phosphatidylserine, Ginkgo biloba, vitamin E, pyridoxine) for short-term memory in aged beagles	Commercially available nutraceutical supplement containing phosphatidylserine, Ginkgo biloba, vitamin E, and pyridoxine	9	completed		Performance accuracy was significantly improved in supplemented dogs compared with control dogs and the effect was long lasting.

Single-arm trials

Study	Intervention	Dogs	Status	Years	Result (as reported)
Selegiline hydrochloride (Anipryl) in dogs with cognitive dysfunction syndrome: noncomparative open-label study	Selegiline hydrochloride (Anipryl), oral	641	completed		Response to selegiline treatment on days 30 and 60 were similar. On day 60, 77.2% of dogs showed an overall improvement; response to treatment by clinical sign ranged from 67.8% (activity or sleep/wake cycle) to 77.8% (d
Autologous skin-derived neural precursor (SKN) cell therapy for canine cognitive dysfunction in older companion dogs (DOGS + CELLS trial)	Direct microinjection of autologous skin-derived neuroprecursors (SKNs) into the bilateral hippocampus using MRI-guided stereotaxis	6	completed	2012–2020	Four out-of-five dogs improved on the primary clinical CCDR endpoint, three fell below diagnostic threshold, and two underwent full syndromal reversal lasting up to 2 years (modified ITT paired T test = 3.06, df = 4, p =

Pilot studys

Study	Intervention	Dogs	Status	Years	Result (as reported)
Human embryonic stem cell-derived MSCs and MSC extracellular vesicles in geriatric small dogs with cognitive and behavioral changes (pilot)	Human embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ES-MSCs) by a single intravenous injection, or ES-MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (ES-MSC-EVs) by two subcutaneous injections	42	completed		No notable side effects were detected in either group, and the questionnaire survey revealed that both groups showed alleviation in CCDR and LOAD scores following administration.

Company regulatory programs

Study	Intervention	Dogs	Status	Years
LOY-001: IGF-1-lowering long-acting injection for large and giant breed dogs (Loyal)	LOY-001, a prescription long-acting injection that reduces IGF-1 levels		ongoing
LOY-003: IGF-1-lowering daily pill for large breed dogs (Loyal)	LOY-003, a prescription daily pill targeting IGF-1 over-expression		ongoing
STAY study: LOY-002 for healthy lifespan extension in senior dogs (Loyal)	LOY-002, a prescription daily pill targeting age-related metabolic dysfunction	1300	ongoing	2024

Longitudinal cohorts

Study	Intervention	Dogs	Status	Years	Result (as reported)
Behavioral enrichment with tacrolimus or Q134R in middle-aged beagles: longitudinal MRI brain atrophy study	Chronic treatment with the calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus or the NFAT-inhibiting compound Q134R, in dogs undergoing behavioral enrichment	43	completed		We found that the frontal lobe showed accelerated atrophy with age, while the caudate nucleus remained relatively stable. Remarkably, the hippocampus increased in volume in all dogs. None of these changes were influenced
Dog Aging Project (DAP) long-term longitudinal study of ageing in companion dogs		30000	ongoing
Dog Aging Project Precision cohort (multi-omic longitudinal sub-cohort of 1,000 dogs)		1000	ongoing		The project demonstrates that scientifically useful biospecimens can be collected from a geographically dispersed population through collaboration with private veterinary clinics and downstream labs; no age-related findi
Longitudinal analysis of inflammation, immune function and oxidative stress markers in 80 Labrador retrievers from adulthood to end of life		80	completed		Serum levels of immunoglobulin M (p < .001) and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (p < .001) increased with age, whereas no effect of age was detected for immunoglobulin G or C-reactive protein unless the last year of life was
Golden Retriever Lifetime Study (Morris Animal Foundation)		3044	ongoing	2012
OLD-DOG Project: 30-month prospective biomarkers-of-aging cohort of 209 companion dogs (University of Padua)		209	ongoing	2023	Preliminary cross-sectional analyses have identified consistent age-related patterns across multiple domains, including hematological and biochemical indices, inflammatory markers, and measures of physical and cognitive